In short
An umbilical hernia is an opening in the abdominal wall near the navel through which fatty tissue, and sometimes bowel, can protrude. It may be present from birth or develop later, for example after pregnancy, weight change or increased abdominal pressure. In adults, the defect does not heal spontaneously.
Seek emergency care if the hernia becomes hard, severely painful or cannot be reduced, especially if you also develop nausea, vomiting or abdominal distension.
What happens at the examination
The surgeon examines the navel area, measures the defect and assesses whether the contents can be reduced. The entire abdominal wall is checked for rectus diastasis or other hernias.
- Measurement of the hernia defect
- Assessment of hernia contents
- Check for rectus diastasis
- Planning suture or mesh repair
Treatment options
The most suitable treatment is decided after an individual medical assessment.
After treatment
Surgery is often performed as a day-case procedure. You receive advice on wound care, pain relief and a gradual return to loading. Swelling and firmness around the surgical area are common early in recovery.
Related conditions
Frequently asked questions
Can an umbilical hernia disappear by itself?
In adults, the defect in the abdominal wall generally does not heal spontaneously.
Do all umbilical hernias require surgery?
No. Symptoms, size, growth and operative risk determine whether treatment is recommended.
Is mesh always required?
No. The choice depends on factors such as the size of the defect, tissue quality and the risk of recurrence.
How is mesh position selected?
Position is adapted to the size of the hernia, anatomy, previous surgery and any combined reconstruction.
Can an umbilical hernia and rectus diastasis be treated together?
In selected cases, yes. This requires a combined assessment of the entire abdominal wall.
Will I need ultrasound or CT?
Not always for a clear, small hernia. Imaging may be useful for a larger defect, unclear anatomy, recurrence or planned reconstruction.
Can the hernia recur?
Yes. Risk is influenced by defect size, method, tissue quality and factors such as smoking, weight and diabetes.
Is the operation performed as day surgery?
Many umbilical hernia repairs can be performed as day surgery, but this is decided individually.
How long should I avoid heavy lifting?
Loading is increased gradually according to pain and the method used. You receive an individual plan.
When should I seek emergency care?
For a hard, severely painful hernia that cannot be reduced, particularly with vomiting or abdominal distension.
Medically reviewed by Dr Elias Tsiolis, specialist in general surgery, senior consultantUpdated 2026-10-25This text does not replace an individual assessment.